Birth and Death by gender and age group 2011 – 2020

Open Data Albania is researching Deaths, Births and Population Increases by gender and age group 2011 to 2020. Sources of information include INSTAT publications according to the reports of the General Directorate of Civil Status. The Civil Status Institution keeps the complete register of resident citizens in the country and abroad.  In this ten-years period, an average of 32,215 people have been born every year. The year 2014 marked the largest number of births (35 760). The year 2020 marked the lowest number of births (28 075). From 2014 the birth trend is declining and gradually decreasing. The Female to Male ratio at birth is always in favor of men. Albanians give birth to 3 to 5% more baby boys than baby girls every year. The annual growth for the total number of births, as well as for both genders, has marked a significant decline after 2015.

In contrast to Births, Deaths are reported to increase in recent years, with 2020 marking the highest number for Total Deaths for each Gender Group. The year 2020 also reflects the situation and losses due to the Covid-19 pandemic, directly from the disease or even from its consequences and the consequences of a health service influenced by the circumstances created by the Pandemic. In 2020, the total number of deaths marked 27 605 cases, where 12 101 were female and 15 504 were male. Losses are higher among Males with 56.2% of total deaths compared to 43.8% for the Female group. The average number of deaths in the country over 10 years is 21,936. The year 2020 marked 6 669 more deaths than the decade average.

Population Increase, Birth-Death Difference, shows a decline during this decade. In the case of the male group, the year 2020 marked a negative result, which indicates a decrease. At the beginning of the decade, the natural increase as the difference between births and deaths, was 14,273. In 2020, on the other hand, the population increase according to the civil registry data published by INSAT was only 470. Unfortunately, the Male Gender Group has marked a decrease, with 1,018 deaths more than births. Over the years the two gender groups have marked a similar trend in terms of population growth. The 2020 indicators show that Men were more fatally affected than women by the Consequences of Covid-19. On the other hand, while women have marked a decrease in their natural increase, the number of baby girls born continues to be higher than female deaths.

The number of deaths per 100 births ratio registered by gender for 2011-2020 is proof of the problem with the population of the country, where the number of deaths is much bigger than births. In 2020, there were 107 deaths for every 100 births.

During the ten-year period, 219,364 deaths were recorded. The most affected age group is over 85 years old with 24% of the total deaths. For people under the age of 20, the age group 0-4 years old marks the highest number of deaths during the decade explained by the fact that this group includes also infant deaths at birth. Data on the number of deaths by age group and gender show that the largest number of men who died during the decade 2011-2020 belonged to the age group 80-84 years old, while the larger number of women who died belonged to the age group over 85.

The year 2020 has marked more deaths for each gender group and increased mortality in old age. Men over 55 marked a significantly higher rate of deaths in 2020 than 2019.

Increased mortality, decreased birth rate, and gender imbalance are major issues of Demography, and the Economic and Social Development of a country. Apart from natural shrinkage, Albania is also characterized by shrinkage due to permanent and seasonal emigration.

Download excel: Birth and Death by gender and age group 2011 – 2020
Comment and Analysis: Open Data Albania
Translated by: Etleva Kondakçi