{"id":6285,"date":"2012-02-28T12:03:12","date_gmt":"2012-02-28T12:03:12","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2012-02-28T12:03:12","modified_gmt":"2012-02-28T12:03:12","slug":"open-data-stoku-i-borxhit-publik-per-2010-ishte-rreth-715-5-miliarde-leke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/?p=6285","title":{"rendered":"Open Data: Stoku i borxhit publik p\u00ebr 2010 ishte rreth 715.5 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Borxhi publik kap vler\u00ebn absolute m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb k\u00ebtij 10-vje\u00e7ari<\/span><\/p>\n

Stoku i borxhit t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb totali i borxhit publik t\u00eb emetuar brenda dhe jasht\u00eb vendit dhe q\u00eb ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shlyer. Open Data Albania<\/span>, ka kryer nj\u00eb hulumtim, bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Financave dhe FMN, lidhur me ecurin\u00eb e stokut t\u00eb borxhit t\u00eb shtetit shqiptar gjat\u00eb viteve. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat jan\u00eb kumulative, pra stoku i borxhit t\u00eb nj\u00eb viti p\u00ebrfshin totalin e borxhit t\u00eb emetuar deri n\u00eb at\u00eb vit.<\/p>\n

 N\u00eb rastin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, stoku i borxhit publik p\u00ebr 2010 ishte rreth 715.5 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb ose 58.5% e Produktit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto (PBB). Gjat\u00eb vitit 2010, p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb ligjin p\u00ebr \u201cHuamarrjen e qeverisjes vendore\u201d, disa bashki dhe komuna kan\u00eb marr\u00eb hua n\u00eb tregun e brendsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr financimin e projekteve n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb. Borxhi i marr\u00eb nga pushteti lokal \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 147 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb, ose 0.02% t\u00eb borxhit total publik.<\/p>\n

Stoku total i borxhit gjat\u00eb viteve<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2010, rezulton se pesha e stokut t\u00eb borxhit ka arritur n\u00eb 58.5% t\u00eb Produktit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto (PBB p\u00ebr 2010 bazohet n\u00eb vler\u00ebsimet e FMN, n\u00eb rreth 1,223.8 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb). Treguesi i pesh\u00ebs s\u00eb borxhit ndaj PBB ka nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb leht\u00eb nga viti i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, pra n\u00eb 2009 pesha e borxhit ishte rreth 59.7% t\u00eb PBB. Gjat\u00eb vitit 2010, stoku i borxhit ka arritur vler\u00ebn absolute m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arit t\u00eb fundit. Edhe pse nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi tregues, pesha e borxhit ndaj PBB \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr elementet kryesore q\u00eb analizohet nga investitor\u00ebt n\u00eb tregjet financiare, dhe ndikon n\u00eb norm\u00ebn e interesit dhe perceptimin e tregut p\u00ebr borxhin e nj\u00eb vendi.<\/p>\n


Borxhi brenda dhe jasht\u00eb vendit<\/span><\/p>\n

Stoku i borxhit t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb totali i borxhit publik t\u00eb emetuar brenda dhe jasht\u00eb vendit dhe q\u00eb ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shlyer. Borxhi publik mund t\u00eb emetohet brenda vendit dhe mbahet nga rezident\u00eb (borxhi i brendsh\u00ebm), ose jasht\u00eb vendit dhe mbahet nga jorezident\u00eb (borxh i jasht\u00ebm). Gjat\u00eb viteve pesha e borxhit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm ka rezultuar me nj\u00eb rritje e qart\u00eb e pesh\u00ebs s\u00eb borxhit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, kundrejt borxhit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm. Gjat\u00eb vitit 2010, u emetua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb eurobondi n\u00eb tregun e huaj t\u00eb kapitaleve, me shum\u00ebn 300 milion\u00eb Euro, me maturim 04\/11\/2015. Pagesa e interesit vjetor p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb obligacion \u00ebsht\u00eb 7.5%, ose 22.5 milione Euro n\u00eb vit. T\u00eb ardhurat nga eurobondi u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn p\u00ebr parapagimin e kredis\u00eb t\u00eb vitit 2009, dhe p\u00ebr plot\u00ebsimin e nevojave p\u00ebr financimin e buxhetit. <\/p>\n

Bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, rezulton se borxhi i brendsh\u00ebm nga viti 2008 \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me vet\u00ebm 1.8%, nd\u00ebrsa borxhi i jasht\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me rreth 58%, duke demostruar qart\u00eb strategjin\u00eb e shtetit shqiptar p\u00ebr sigurimin e kapitaleve n\u00eb tregjet e huaja. P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket mbajt\u00ebsve t\u00eb borxhit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm, borxhi mbahet kryesisht nga sistemi bankar. Mbajt\u00ebsit kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb borxhit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm jan\u00eb institucionet shum\u00ebpal\u00ebshe (IBRD2, EIB3, etj.) dhe kreditor\u00ebt privat\u00eb (banka t\u00eb huaja). Gjat\u00eb dy viteve t\u00eb fundit pesha e kreditor\u00ebve privat\u00eb ka ardhur n\u00eb rritje nga 17.4% n\u00eb 2008 n\u00eb 27.4% n\u00eb 2010. Edhe pse emetimi i eurobondit rrit diversifikimin e borxhit publik t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, duke qen\u00eb eurobond (i emetuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb monedh\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme nga monedha vendase, dhe p\u00ebr shlyerjen e interesit dhe vet\u00eb borxhit kur t\u00eb maturohet, \u00ebsht\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm k\u00ebmbimi n\u00eb monedh\u00ebn Euro), ai si dhe rritja e pesh\u00ebs s\u00eb borxhit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, rrit rrezikun e kursit t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit dhe koston e borxhit n\u00ebse Euro (apo monedhat e tjera) forcohen kundrejt monedh\u00ebs vendase n\u00eb lek\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Borxhi afatgjat\u00eb, 465.4 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb<\/span><\/p>\n

Stoku i borxhit publik p\u00ebr 2010 ishte rreth 715.5 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb ose 58.5% e Produktit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto (PBB). Nga ky total, 250.1 miliard\u00eb jan\u00eb borxh afatshkurt\u00ebr (35%), dhe 465.4 miliard\u00eb jan\u00eb borxh afatgjat\u00eb (65%). Gjat\u00eb viteve pesha e borxhit total afatshkurt\u00ebr dhe afatgjat\u00eb (sipas maturimeve origjinale) ka rezultuar me nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb pesh\u00ebs s\u00eb borxhit afatgjat\u00eb, kundrejt borxhit afatshkurt\u00ebr. Kjo reflekton strategjin\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Financave p\u00ebr emetimin e instrumenteve afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb borxhit. Borxhi afatshkurt\u00ebr p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga bonot e thesarit, nd\u00ebrsa borxhi afatgjat\u00eb konsiston n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nga obligacione 2 dhe 5-vje\u00e7are. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb 2007 u emetuan p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb edhe obligacionet 7-vje\u00e7are. Borxhi i brendsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb i thuajse i gjithi afatshkurt\u00ebr dhe maturimi mesatar \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 0.8 vjet, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ai duhet t\u00eb rifinancohet brenda nj\u00eb viti. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb borxhi i jasht\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb, pasi n\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen kredi t\u00eb buta t\u00eb marra deri n\u00eb vitin 2005 (edhe pse pesha e k\u00ebtyre kredive n\u00eb totalin e borxhit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm ka ardhur n\u00eb ulje), me nj\u00eb maturim mesatar prej 11 vjet\u00ebsh. Eurobondi i emetuar gjat\u00eb 2010, ka nj\u00eb maturim prej 5 vjet\u00ebsh. Mund t\u00eb thuhet se nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, rritja e borxhit afatgjat\u00eb ul nevoj\u00ebn e rifinancimit, por nga ana tjet\u00ebr rrit kostot, pasi borxhi afatgjat\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton pages\u00ebn e interesave m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se borxhi afatshkurt\u00ebr p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb likuiditetit m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt.\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Borxhi publik kap vler\u00ebn absolute m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb k\u00ebtij 10-vje\u00e7ari Stoku i borxhit t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb totali i borxhit publik t\u00eb emetuar brenda dhe jasht\u00eb vendit dhe q\u00eb ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shlyer. Open Data Albania, ka kryer nj\u00eb hulumtim, bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Financave dhe FMN, lidhur me ecurin\u00eb e stokut t\u00eb borxhit t\u00eb shtetit shqiptar gjat\u00eb… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[41],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcJP0S-1Dn","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6285"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6285"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6285\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}