{"id":6852,"date":"2014-01-07T15:03:07","date_gmt":"2014-01-07T15:03:07","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2014-01-07T15:03:07","modified_gmt":"2014-01-07T15:03:07","slug":"pse-asfiksia-e-pensioneve-rrit-borxhin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/?p=6852","title":{"rendered":"Pse \u201casfiksia\u201d e pensioneve rrit borxhin?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Z\u00ebrat q\u00eb identifikojn\u00eb reform\u00ebn e pensioneve me rritjen e mosh\u00ebs, nuk e \u00e7lirojn\u00eb skem\u00ebn e pensioneve nga asfiksia. P\u00ebrkundrazi, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 falimentimit t\u00eb skem\u00ebs, rrezikojm\u00eb edhe dy pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnda: rritjen e borxhit publik dhe ligj\u00ebrimin e evazionit kontributiv dhe pun\u00ebs informale.\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt;\"><br \/><\/span>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 9pt;\">Fuqizimi i skem\u00ebs, ul borxhin publik<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fuqizimi i skem\u00ebs s\u00eb pensioneve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb aksion institucional, por ka nj\u00eb impakt t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm ekonomik dhe financiar. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 ndikimit n\u00eb sistemin e mir\u00ebq\u00ebnies, nj\u00eb skem\u00eb e sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb mund t\u00eb \u00e7liroj\u00eb qeverin\u00eb nga borxh-marrja. Mungesa e t\u00eb ardhurave nga kontributet e detyron qeverin\u00eb t\u00eb subvencionoj\u00eb skem\u00ebn e pensioneve. Financimi buxhetor p\u00ebr skem\u00ebn e pensioneve \u00ebsht\u00eb i barabart\u00eb me defi\u00e7itin buxhetor vjetor.&nbsp;\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sipas <span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 255);\"><b>Open Data Albania<\/b><\/span>, gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs 2006-2010 subvencioni nga buxheti i shtetit p\u00ebr skem\u00ebn e pensioneve puthuajse u dyfishua, nga 18 miliard n\u00eb 34 miliard lek\u00eb. N\u00ebse skema e pensioneve do t\u00eb mbante vetveten, 330 milion USD e p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr subvencionimin e saj mund t\u00eb zbriteshin nga borxhi. Pra, skema e sigurimeve shoq\u00ebrore \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb barr\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr mbrojtjen shoq\u00ebrore, por p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e vendit. Gjithashtu, keqmenaxhimi i saj po pengon investimet n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet jetike p\u00ebr popullsin\u00eb. N\u00ebse nuk merren masa urgjente p\u00ebr rritjen e numrit t\u00eb kontribuesve dhe uljen e evazionit kontributiv, n\u00eb vitet q\u00eb vijn\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb harxhoj\u00eb p\u00ebr subvencionimin e pensioneve pothuajse sa shpenzon p\u00ebr investimet n\u00eb rrug\u00eb, shkolla e spitale t\u00eb marra s\u00eb bashku. Ja, pra, si skema e pensioneve rrit borxhin dhe \u201cgrabit\u201d financimet p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet jetike p\u00ebr popullsin\u00eb. Prandaj reformimi i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rendin e dit\u00ebs.\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pse rritja e mosh\u00ebs nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhje, por kapitullim i skem\u00ebs?\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Problemi m\u00eb i madh q\u00eb ka skema jon\u00eb e pensioneve \u00ebsht\u00eb raporti midis kontribuesve dhe p\u00ebrfituesve. Ky raport \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjyle e r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2012 raporti ishte 1.17 me 1 (651,613 kontribues:554,102 p\u00ebrfitues), pra n\u00eb kuot\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb historis\u00eb nj\u00ebzet\u00ebvje\u00e7are t\u00eb skem\u00ebs. Periudha 2006-2013 ka qen\u00eb m\u00eb fatkeqja p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e skem\u00ebs s\u00eb pensioneve. Numri i kontribuesve u pak\u00ebsua me 80 mij\u00eb persona, nd\u00ebrsa numri i t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve u rrit me 35 mij\u00eb persona. K\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna jan\u00eb m\u00eb kok\u00ebforte se \u00e7do lloj apologjie q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nga ISSh dhe agjensit\u00eb kontribute-mbledh\u00ebse.\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kontribues kundrejt t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve, 2006-2012\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img alt=\"instat\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/gazetadita.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/instat.jpg?w=790\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, reforma &nbsp;e pensioneve nuk mund t\u00eb realizohet e shk\u00ebputur nga reforma &nbsp;e tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Politikat e pun\u00ebsimit dhe politikat e pensioneve jan\u00eb dy kolonat baz\u00eb t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb mir\u00ebq\u00ebnies. Nuk mund t\u00eb reformohet skema e pensioneve, pa u rritur niveli i pun\u00ebsimit, pa u krijuar vende t\u00eb reja pune dhe pa u reduktuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme informaliteti n\u00eb pun\u00eb. Gabimi q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb zakonisht me skem\u00ebn e pensioneve \u00ebsht\u00eb se jan\u00eb absolutizuar manovrat brenda saj, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb barra e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e skem\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb numri i vog\u00ebl i kontribuesve dhe evazioni kontributiv. Shpesh n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gabim kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb edhe institucionet financiare nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb cilat k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb reformimin e sistemit t\u00eb pensioneve, pa reformuar dhe dinamizuar tregun e pun\u00ebs. Dhe pa mund\u00ebsuar hapjen e vendeve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Si mund t\u00eb pranohet q\u00eb numri i kontribuesve n\u00eb skem\u00ebn e pensioneve t\u00eb jet\u00eb sa gjysma e forc\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs, e cila p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit dhe t\u00eb papun\u00ebt. Ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e pun\u00ebsuar gjysma tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb nuk paguan kontribute? K\u00ebt\u00eb nivel informaliteti, q\u00eb lexohet qart\u00eb jo nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb klasifikuara, por nga raportet e publikuara t\u00eb INSTAT dhe ISSh, mund t\u00eb pranohet ose nga padija ose nga pap\u00ebrgjegjshm\u00ebria. T\u00eb dyja jan\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj t\u00eb rrezikshme p\u00ebr sistemin e mir\u00ebq\u00ebnies. Prandaj, para se t\u00eb propozojm\u00eb rritjen e mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb pensionit, duhet t\u00eb luftojm\u00eb informalitetin n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, t\u00eb zbardhim, pra, pun\u00ebn e zez\u00eb.\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mosha e pensionit n\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mosha e daljes n\u00eb pension n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb e lart\u00eb, krahasuar me vendet &nbsp;e tjera t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs. Si\u00e7 shihet nga tabela e m\u00ebposhtme, shumica e vendeve evropiane e kan\u00eb mosh\u00ebn e daljes n\u00eb pension p\u00ebr burrat n\u00ebn 65 vje\u00e7. Vet\u00ebm tre vende, Islanda, Irlanda dhe Norvegjia, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb specifikave t\u00eb tyre &nbsp;demografike, e kan\u00eb mosh\u00ebn e daljes n\u00eb pension mbi 65 vje\u00e7.\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img border=\"0\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/uploadserise\/foto\/mosha_pension.jpg\" \/>\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Burrat shqiptar\u00eb kan\u00eb numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb viteve t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimit t\u00eb pensionit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb: 13 vjet.\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb totali i periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimit n\u00eb BE n\u00eb vitin 2013 ishte 19.4 vjet. Numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb viteve p\u00ebr burrat e ka Bullgaria (14 vjet) dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb lartin Franca (19.3 vjet). N\u00ebse rritet mosha, numri i &nbsp;viteve t\u00eb pensionit p\u00ebr burrat shqiptar\u00eb ulet n\u00eb 11 vjet, pra &nbsp;af\u00ebrsisht n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e mesatares europiane. Edhe ky tregues flet qart\u00eb q\u00eb rritja e mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb daljes n\u00eb pension nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb reformim, por pranim i d\u00ebshtimit. Pra, meq\u00eb nuk rrisim dot numrin e kontribuesve, at\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb ulim numrin e p\u00ebrfituesve. Th\u00ebn\u00eb tro\u00e7, kjo alternativ\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kapitullim &nbsp;para informalitetit n\u00eb ekonomi dhe n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs.\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00ebrat q\u00eb identifikojn\u00eb reform\u00ebn e pensioneve me rritjen e mosh\u00ebs, nuk e \u00e7lirojn\u00eb skem\u00ebn e pensioneve nga asfiksia. P\u00ebrkundrazi, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 falimentimit t\u00eb skem\u00ebs, rrezikojm\u00eb edhe dy pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnda: rritjen e borxhit publik dhe ligj\u00ebrimin e evazionit kontributiv dhe pun\u00ebs informale. Fuqizimi i skem\u00ebs, ul borxhin publik Fuqizimi i skem\u00ebs s\u00eb pensioneve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb aksion institucional, por ka nj\u00eb impakt t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm ekonomik&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false},"categories":[41],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":24330,"url":"https:\/\/ndiqparate.al\/?p=24330","url_meta":{"origin":6852,"position":0},"title":"Draft Ligji p\u00ebr PPP Koncesione, AIS (NGO) shpreh shqet\u00ebsime mbi standardin p\u0451r p\u00ebrafrim me Direktiv\u00ebn EU. 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